OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

A Framework for Managing Operations

Managing operations can be enclosed in a frame of general management function as shown in Fig. Operation managers are concerned with planning, organizing, and controlling the activities which affect human behaviour through models.

PLANNING

Activities that establishes a course of action and guide future decision-making is planning. The operations manager defines the objectives for the operations subsystem of the organization, and the policies, and procedures for achieving the objectives. This stage includes clarifying the role and focus of operations in the organization’s overall strategy. It also involves product planning, facility designing and using the conversion process.

ORGANIZING

Activities that establishes a structure of tasks and authority. Operation managers establish a structure of roles and the flow of information within the operations subsystem. They determine the activities required to achieve the goals and assign authority and responsibility for carrying them out.

CONTROLLING

Activities that assure the actual performance in accordance with planned performance.To ensure that the plans for the operations subsystems are accomplished, the operations manager must exercise control by measuring actual outputs and comparing them to planned operations management. Controlling costs, quality, and schedules are the important functions here.

BEHAVIOUR

Operation managers are concerned with how their efforts to plan, organize, and control affect human behaviour. They also want to know how the behaviour of subordinates can affect management’s planning, organizing, and controlling actions. Their interest lies in decision-making behaviour.

MODELS

As operation managers plan, organise, and control the conversion process, they encounter many problems and must make many decisions. They can simplify their difficulties using models like aggregate planning modelsfor examining how best to use existing capacity in short-term, break even analysisto identify break even volumes, linear programming and computer simulationfor capacity utilisation, decision tree analysis for long-term capacity problem of facility expansion, simple median model for determining best locations of facilities etc.